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Five Poems by Adnan Kafeel ‘Darwesh’ Translated from Hindi by Rituparna Sengupta

1

Identity 

As a child 
I was made to
Sleep between my parents
Sometimes in the middle of the night
I would wake up
From my broken sleep 
And reach out for my mother

In pitch darkness
Unable to tell apart
Those two similar forms
I would search both faces
That had rolled over to me
My father’s nose
Was rather large
So I would recognise him easily

For me, the one who was not my father
Was my mother
Thus in the dark
Did I learn
To identify my mother.

***

पहचान

बचपन में मुझे
माँ और पिता के बीच में
सुलाया जाता
मेरी नींद कभी-कभार
बीच रात में ही टूट जाती
और मैं उठते ही
माँ को ढूँढता।

घुप्प अन्धेरे में
एक जैसे दो शरीरों में
मैं अन्त नहीं कर पाता
इसलिए मैं
अपनी तरफ़ ढुलक आए
दोनों चेहरों को टटोलता
पिता की नाक
काफ़ी बड़ी थी
सो मैं उन्हें पहचान जाता

मेरे लिए जो पिता नहीं थे
वो ही माँ थी
इस तरह मैंने अँधेरे में
माँ को पहचानना सीखा।

2

Gamchha

Whenever Father left for the city
Mother would quickly fetch 
a gamchha[1] from the almirah
and drape it on his shoulder
As if she were wrapping her wishes with it:
Return home safely
before it gets dark.

When newly-wed she
arrived at his home
Perhaps even back then 
Mother had wrapped up 
all her dreams in a gamchha
and handed it over to Father

Father,
who would often fail in worldly matters
and get easily deceived,
Who would often forget his spectacles, his pen,
the keys to the shop and many such things,
Maybe in the same way
he also lost somewhere
the bundle of Mother’s dreams
on his way to the city, one day…

Mother,
whom I have never seen behave
like those wives we see on screen,
Whom I have never seen
asking for or claiming anything openly,
Mother who was only mother,
maybe so even for Father
She could never quite ask him,
where he had left behind
that bundle of her dreams
on his way to the city one day…

One day when I left to take the train
Mother wrapped a gamchha 
around my shoulders too
And instantly
I felt its substantial weight

Sitting in a corner by myself 
at the railway station
As I waited for the train
My eyes fell on
the gamchha on my shoulder—
its long face like my own—
And I felt the pressure of Mother’s hands
still wrapped around the gamchha
I remembered her hand raised in farewell
And also Father’s tired shoulder
Now drooping even under a gamchha’s weight…

The gamchha
that was now to be my companion
for the whole journey—
I stroked it,
And gazing at it, smiled in gratitude.

Now, in this city far away from my village
Whenever I step out in the sun
That companion of my sad and searing days—
that gamchha, I pick up and wrap around myself
For I have faith in this gamchha
In its each and every thread
in which lies absorbed my own salt

And to be honest
For a Purabiha[2], his gamchha
is not a mere piece of cloth
Rather, on his shoulder
it’s his time itself that lies frozen like ice…


[1] Gamchha: A long and light piece of coarse cotton cloth worn over the shoulder or head in several parts of India to shield against the sun and wipe off sweat. 

[2] Purabiha/Purabiya: An easterner, i.e. from the eastern parts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in northern India.

***

गमछा

पिता जब कभी शहर को जाते
माँ झट से अलमारी से गमछा निकालकर
पिता के कन्धों पर धर देती
जैसे अपनी शुभकामनाएँ लपेट कर दे रही हो
कि सकुशल घर लौट आना
मुन्हार होने से पहले

जब माँ
अपने यौवन में ही
ब्याह कर आई थी पिता के घर
तब भी शायद उसने
अपने सारे स्वप्नों को
एक गमछे में लपेटकर
पिता को सौंप दिया था

पिता
जो दुनियादारी के कामों में अक्सर चूक जाते
गच्चा खा जाते
कई बार भूल जाते अपना चश्मा
अपनी क़लम
दुकान की चाबी और तमाम चीज़ें
शायद उसी तरह
माँ के स्वप्नों की पोटली भी
कहीं खो आए
शहर जाते हुए किसी दिन

माँ
जिसे मैंने टीवी और फिल्मों में दिखनेवाली
पत्नियों की तरह व्यवहार करते हुए
कभी नहीं देखा
कभी कुछ खुलकर माँगते-मनवाते नहीं देखा
माँ जो सिर्फ़ माँ ही थी
शायद पिता के लिए भी
कभी न पूछ सकी पिता से
कि वे कहाँ उसके स्वप्नों की पोटली
छोड़ आए शहर जाते हुए किसी दिन…

जब एक दिन ट्रेन पकड़ने के लिए
घर से निकला
माँ ने मेरे कन्धों पर भी
गमछा डाल दिया
और मैंने सहसा
अपने कन्धों पर काफी वज़न महसूस किया

जब स्टेशन पर अकेले किसी कोने में बैठा
ट्रेन का इन्तज़ार कर रहा था
कन्धे पर पड़े गमछे की तरफ
मेरी नज़र गई
जिसका मुँह
मेरी ही तरह लटका हुआ था
और मैंने महसूस किया; माँ के हाथ का दबाव
जो वैसे का वैसा ही
अब भी गमछे में लिपटा पड़ा था
माँ का विदा में उठा हाथ
याद आया मुझे
और पिता का थका कंधा भी
जो अब गमछे के वज़न से भी
अक्सर झुक जाता था…

गमछा
जो अब पूरे रास्ते
मेरा साथी बनने वाला था
मैंने उस पर हाथ फेरा
और उसे देख कर
शुक्रिया अदा करने की मुद्रा में मुस्कुराया.

गाँव से हज़ारों मील दूर
इस महानगर में
जब कभी बाहर धूप में निकलता हूँ
तो उदास और कड़े दिनों के साथी
अपने गमछे को उठाता हूँ
और उसे ओढ़ लेता हूँ
क्यूँकि मुझे यक़ीन है
इस गमछे पर
इसके एक-एक रेशे पर
जिसमें मेरा ही नमक जज़्ब है

और
सच कहूँ
तो एक पुरबिहा के लिए गमछा
महज़ एक कपड़े का टुकड़ा भर ही नहीं है
बल्कि उसके कन्धों पर
बर्फ़ की तरह जमा
उसका समय भी है

3

The Blue Diary

With the bulk of their words trimmed
even the lengthiest of lines
would fit
into that magical little blue diary
kept securely in the alcove
On the last pages of which I would doodle
From time to time it would come handy
in collecting:
relevant couplets
phone numbers
old addresses
children’s birthdays
household accounts
savings and loans
modest monthly budgets
the cost of erecting a wall—
So much it held,
that little blue diary

First, that diary got lost
Then that script
Then those people
Then that home
Then that way of life.

***

नीली बयाज़

अगर लफ़्ज़ों की सेहत कम कर दी जाए
तो बहुत बड़ी-बड़ी सतरें भी
उस छोटी-सी जादुई नीली बयाज़ में
समा जाती थीं
जो ताक़ पर हिफाज़त से रखी जाती थी
जिसके पिच्छले पन्नों पर मैं चित्र बनाता
जिसकी ज़रूरत गाहे-बगाहे पड़ ही जाती थी
उसमें हस्बे-हाल शेर
फ़ोन नंबर
पुराने पते
बच्चों के जन्मदिन
हिसाब-किताब
बचत-क़र्ज़
महीने का पतला बजट
एक दीवाल खड़ी करने की लागत
कितना कुछ होता था
उस छोटी-सी नीली बयाज़ में

पहले वो बयाज़ गुम हुई
फिर वो लिपि
फिर वो लोग
फिर वो घर
और फिर हमारा ये जीवन।

4

On Visiting an Ancient Fort

Its antiquity is its real beauty
On its walls, domes, pillars, and turrets
Time lies frozen like blood congealed

Besieged by the movement of tourists
Yet desolate
Still desolate;
I stand watching amazed
As the sun 
Collides with its domes 
And splashes over the base
And as clouds soaked in sweat 
Tremble in fear;
There!
Heavy downpour begins—
I stand watching from the shelter of a window
As every raindrop 
Reduces a tourist;
After a while 
I’m the only one left at the fort

Swiftly water slides off 
The solid walls of the fort
And gradually 
Gets absorbed in surveying its base
Where stones crack and ooze blood;
Everything is drenched 
All dissolves
And assumes a form:
The wheel of Time has turned backwards 
The ruins of the fort are stirring,
Brushing off dust
They wake now from their eternal sleep; 
I tremble with sweat 

Uff!
Such noise here
Such silence
Such vibrancy 

Such splendour
Such luxury 
Such envy
Such agony!

***

एक प्राचीन दुर्ग की सैर

प्राचीनता ही दरअसल इसकी सुंदरता है
समय
दुर्ग की दीवारों, गुंबदों, बुर्जों और स्तंभों पर
गाढ़े ख़ून की मानिंद
जम चुका है

सैलानियों की आवाजाही से आक्रांत
लेकिन उजाड़
फिर भी उजाड़
मैं अवाक् खड़ा देख रहा हूँ
सूर्य को गुंबदों से टकराकर
नींव में छिटककर गिरते हुए
पसीने से लथपथ बादलों को
भय से थरथर काँपते हुए
लो!
तेज़ बारिश शुरू हो गई
मैं झरोखे की ओट से देख रहा हूँ
बारिश की हर बूँद के साथ
एक सैलानी को कम होते हुएथोड़ी देर बाद
दुर्ग में मैं
बिल्कुल अकेला हूँ

दुर्ग की मज़बूत दीवारों से पानी
तेज़ी से फिसल रहा है
और धीरे-धीरे
नींव की शिनाख़्त में मशग़ूल हो रहा है
जहाँ पत्थर चिटक रहे हैं 
और उनसे रक्त रिस रहा है
सब कुछ भीग रहा है
घुल रहा है
आकार ग्रहण कर रहा है
समय का पहिया पीछे की तरफ़ घूम चुका है
दुर्ग के खंडहर सुगबुगा रहे हैं
और धूल झाड़ते हुए
अपनी अनंत नींद से अब जाग रहे हैं
मैं पसीने से थरथर काँप रहा हूँ

उफ़्फ़!
कितना शोर है यहाँ
कितनी ख़ामोशी
कितनी रंगीनी

कितना वैभव
कितनी विलासिता
कितनी ईर्ष्या
कितनी-कितनी यातनाएँ!

5

Murderous Poet 

His poems always left me astonished 
Often, on reading the lines he penned
My heart would swell with compassion 
How do I describe how his poems have made me cry  
Ever so often
In my midnight desolation

For long I knew him by his poems alone
Then suddenly I met him at a gathering once
And was directly introduced to him 
Gradually, I learnt his political leaning
That clearly favoured the murderers 
The very earth shifted under my feet
I failed to understand how my beloved poet 
Could act as the shield of murderers
I felt like burning up his poems—
Those I had cried over again and again
Then suddenly I read another poem of his 
And changed my mind 

How can a poet masquerade so
In poetry?
I’m still stunned by it
I tear my hair out 
I gaze at his picture, at that innocent face of his
Splashed all over with the mild sun 
I think to myself, tomorrow he might hold a knife to my throat
And I won’t even be able to protest it 
Such a strange love I bear him 
Uff!
Perhaps I’ll say to him: 
Brother, after slitting my throat, do wash your hands before leaving
And change into the clothes from my almirah
Your poems are very dear to me! 

***

हत्यारा कवि

उसकी कविताएँ मुझे चकित करती रहीं
उसकी लिखी पंक्तियाँ पढ़कर
अक्सर
मन करुणा से भर-भर जाता
कैसे कहूँ कि उसकी कविताएँ पढ़कर रोया हूँ बारहा
आधी रातों के सुनसानों में

बहुत दिनों तक उसे उसकी कविताओं से ही जाना था
अचानक वो मिल गया किसी गोष्ठी में
और उससे सीधे पहचान हुई
धीरे-धीरे पता चला उसका राजनीतिक पक्ष
जो कि नि:संदेह हत्यारों की तरफ़ था
मेरे पाँव से ज़मीन ही खिसक गई
विश्वास नहीं हुआ कि कैसे मेरा प्रिय कवि
हत्यारों की ढाल बन सकता है
जी हुआ उसकी कविताएँ जला दूँ
जिसे पढ़कर रोया था बार-बार
फिर अचानक उसकी एक और कविता पढ़ी
और मन बदल लिया

कोई कवि इतना अदाकार कैसे हो सकता है कविता में
अब भी चकित हूँ
नोचूँ हूँ घास
देखूँ हूँ उसकी तस्वीर, उसका मासूम चेहरा, जिसपर फैली है गुनगुनी धूप
सोचूँ हूँ, शायद वो कल मेरी हत्या करने मेरे गले पर छुरी रखे
तो मैं उसका प्रतिरोध भी न कर पाऊँ
अजीब प्रेम है उससे मुझे
उफ़्फ़!
शायद उसे कहूँ कि, “भाई मेरा गला काट के हाथ धो के ही  जाना
अलमारी में मेरे कपड़े होंगे उन्हें पहन लेना
मुझे तुम्हारी कविताएँ बहुत अच्छी लगती हैं !

***

Translator’s Note

My introduction to Adnan Kafeel ‘Darwesh’ was through his explicitly political poetry that challenges the prevailing socio-moral order and provokes our collective conscience. However, as I read him further, I discovered that his poems display a wider variety of themes and styles, and it is some of this that I have tried to convey through my selected translations here. ‘Identity’ drew me for its psychoanalytical undercurrents of a little boy learning to distinguish between his parents in the dark. If ‘Gamchha’ reads like a charming ode to a prosaic object, symbolic of a strong rootedness in family and village, then ‘The Blue Diary’ recalls the modest middle-class of yesteryear, evoking ways of living, being, and registering existence that have now faded. On the other hand, ‘On Visiting an Ancient Fort’ expresses an urban taste for flânerie and animates ancient architecture and history. Lastly, the pathos of ‘Murderous Poet’ lies in its meditation on art and violence and its earnest reflection on that crucial question of our times: what does it mean to separate the art and the artist? The temporality of these poems is both mythical and contemporary, their tone both timeless and urgent, and their spatial sensibility combines both village and city. As these poems unfold in the poet persona’s memory, conscience, and imagination, and take us from childhood to youth, they also form a narrative of a poet coming of age.  

Translator’s Bio

Rituparna Sengupta is a literary translator, writer, and scholar of literary and cultural studies. She has translated poetry and short fiction by Amrita Pritam, Gauhar Raza, Mirza Azim Beg Chugtai, Rashid Jahan, Sumana Roy, Baabusha Kohli, and Adnan Kafeel ‘Darwesh’ between Punjabi/Urdu/Hindi and English. Most recently, her translations of Hindi poetry have appeared in ParchamHakara, and Modern Poetry in Translation. She also researches and writes on literature, cinema, and popular culture. Her published translations can be read here.

Adnan Kafeel

Adnan Kafeel ‘Darwesh’ is the author of two poetry collections, Neeli Bayaaz (Rajkamal Prakashan, 2024) and Thiturthe Lamppost (Rajkamal Prakashan, 2022). His poems have been published in many Hindi literary magazines and websites and translated into Bangla, English, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, and Odia. Among the several awards he has won for his writing are the Bharat Bhushan Agrawal Puraskar (2018), Ravishankar Upadhyay Smriti Kavita Puraskar (2018), and Venugopal Smriti Kavita Puraskar (2019-2020). He is currently working on his PhD on early twentieth-century Hindi-Urdu poetry at Jamia Milia Islamia.